城市群政策的收入分配效应——基于微观企业劳动收入份额视角的研究

城市群政策的收入分配效应——基于微观企业劳动收入份额视角的研究

Income Distribution Effect of City Cluster Policies: From the Perspective of Labor Income Share in Micoro Firms

《财经研究》2023年49卷第6期 页码：4 - 18 online：2023年6月3日

作者

中：江轩宇 , 朱梦遥 , 谢蓉蓉

英：Jiang Xuanyu, Zhu Mengyao, Xie Rongrong

作者单位：中央财经大学 会计学院，北京 100081

摘要及关键词

摘要：在国家持续推进新型城镇化建设和强调在高质量发展中促进共同富裕的现实背景下，作为新型城镇化的主体形态和高质量发展的重要动力源，城市群对劳动收入份额产生了怎样的影响？文章研究发现，城市群政策显著提高了区域内企业的劳动收入份额，这表明城市群政策有助于优化初次收入分配制度，使员工更好地分享企业的发展成果。促进市场公平竞争、缓解政府干预下企业对资本要素的过度投资以及增大自主研发强度，是城市群政策提高企业劳动收入份额的重要作用路径。当企业所在地的行政垄断程度较高、政府干预程度较高，或者企业的劳动与资本要素互补关系较强时，城市群政策提高企业劳动收入份额的正向作用更加显著。此外，城市群政策主要提高了普通员工而非高管的劳动收入份额，同时缩小了企业内部薪酬差距，从而体现了共同富裕的内涵。纳入城市群政策的中心城市和非中心城市的企业劳动收入份额均得到显著提升，且不存在明显的外溢效应，这排除了中心城市“虹吸效应”对研究结论的干扰。文章的研究不仅丰富了城市群政策经济后果和劳动收入份额影响因素的文献，而且对于如何在高质量发展中促进全体人民共同富裕具有重要的政策启示。

关键词：劳动收入份额；城市群政策；市场公平竞争；政府干预；自主研发强度

Summary: Based on the background of promoting urbanization and common prosperity in high-quality development, this paper investigates the impact of city clusters, the main form of urbanization and an important power source for high-quality development, on the labor income share. This paper finds that city cluster policies can significantly increase the labor income share, indicating that city cluster policies can help employees better share the achievements of firms, and promote the realization of the goal of common prosperity in high-quality development. Further evidence shows that: (1) Strengthening fair market competition to reduce monopoly profits of firms, alleviating excessive capital investment under government intervention, and improving R&D intensity are important channels through which city cluster policies increase the labor income share. (2) The positive relation between city cluster policies and labor income share is stronger if the firm faces a high level of administrative monopoly, the level of government intervention is high, and the complementary effect between labor and physical capital is high. (3) City cluster policies only have a significant positive effect on the labor income share of non-managers, and reduce the pay gap within firms. (4) The labor income share in both central and non-central cities included in city cluster policies has been significantly increased, and city cluster policies have no significant spillover effect, eliminating the interference of “siphon effect”. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on determinants of labor income share, economic consequences of city cluster policies and policy implications. First, it enriches the literature on the determinants of labor income share by verifying that city cluster policies are one of the important factors that affect the labor income share. Second, it extends the literature on the economic consequences of city cluster policies by correlating it with a vital dimension of corporate income distribution decision, namely, corporate labor income share. Third, under the background that the central government proposes to build “a unified national market”, it also has important policy implications for how to make more visible and substantial progress in promoting the common prosperity of people in the process of high-quality development.

Key words:labor income share; city cluster policies; fair market competition; government intervention; R&D intensity

其他信息

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.20230316.301

收稿日期：2022-08-16

基金项目： 国家自然科学基金项目（71972193）

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