学术前沿丨新冠疫情下，中国食物系统表现如何

启研学社由知名学者担任学术顾问，高校师生与企研数据科学团队联合组建，以大数据资源及相关技术助力中国学术与智库研究为宗旨的研究组织。团队当前的主要目标是挖掘经济社会大数据资源在学术和智库领域的应用价值，开展学术大数据治理研究，以及探索大数据分析技术融入中国经济社会研究的可行进路。

关注我们！公众号对话框内发送关键词“20210226”获取《Building resilient food system amidst COVID-19: Responses and lessons from China》PDF版。

Agricultural Systems 最新影响因子为4.21，为JCR Q1区期刊。主要发表农业系统与土地利用、自然资源、社会经济、环境系统相互影响方面的研究成果。

文章摘要及翻译（注：翻译仅供参考，如有出入，以原文为准）

Abstract

CONTEXT

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread over the world and has heightened concerns over global food security risks. As the first country hit by COVID-19, China has adopted a series of stringent mitigation policies to contain the spread of virus. This has led to food system disruptions due to restrictions on labor and interruption of transport, processing, retailing, and input distribution.

The objective of this contribution is to report evidence for initial impacts and resilience of China's food system amid the COVID-19 pandemic and to discuss government's responses as well as long-term efforts that promoted resilience.

We reviewed a range of publications, government released reports and official information, blogs, and media articles, and whenever possible, we complemented this qualitative information with quantitative data from China's National Bureau of Statistics and finally empirical data obtained from a simulation study.

We identified China's earlier responses in each key food system activities including ensuring effective logistics of agricultural products and inputs, supporting production and processing, matching supply with demand, and mitigating consumer's income loss. In particular, innovative information and communications technology (ICT) applications along the food system had been highlighted. Coupled with China's long-term efforts in investing in agriculture, building emergency response systems, and adopting governor's responsibility mechanisms, there has been little panic in the food system with largely sufficient supplies and stable prices. In the second quarter of 2020, after registered negative growth in the first quarter, primary agriculture grew by 3.4% and the negative growth of livestock production was narrowed significantly by 8.7 percentage points. Food prices rose by a modest 0.6% and returned to normal after a surge in February 2020.

We expect that China's experiences on building resilient food systems could improve understanding of the challenges posed by COVID-19 from a retrospective perspective and provide lessons to other countries that are experiencing disruptions in the food systems worldwide. The lessons are also important for strengthening the resilience of food systems over longer time horizons.

Keywords

摘要：

背景：COVID-19疫情继续在全球范围内蔓延，加剧了人们对全球食品安全风险的担忧。作为第一个受到COVID-19疫情影响的国家，中国采取了一系列严格的缓解政策，以遏制病毒的传播。由于对劳动力的限制以及运输、加工、零售和投入品分配的中断，导致了食物系统的中断。

目标：本文旨在报告中国食物系统在COVID-19疫情中受到的初步影响和食物系统韧性，并讨论政府的应对措施以及提高韧性的长期努力。

方法：我们查阅了一系列出版物、政府发布的报告和官方信息、博客和媒体文章，并尽可能地用中国国家统计局的定量数据以及从模拟研究获得经验数据补充这些定性信息。

结果和结论：我们确定了中国在食物系统各项关键活动中的早期应对措施，包括确保农产品和投入品的有效物流、支持生产和加工、使供应与需求相匹配，以及减少消费者的收入损失。特别是强调了信息和通信技术(信通技术)在食物系统中的创新应用。再加上中国长期以来在农业投资、应急体系建设、省长负责制等方面的努力，食物系统在供应基本充足、价格稳定的情况下，没有出现什么恐慌。在第一季度农业产值负增长后，2020年二季度农业产值增长3.4%，畜牧业产量下降降幅也比一季度收窄8.7个百分点。粮食价格小幅上涨0.6%，并在2020年2月激增后恢复正常。

意义：我们期望，从回顾的角度，中国在建设具有韧性的食物系统方面的经验能够提高对COVID-19所带来的挑战的认识，并为世界范围内正在经历食物系统中断的其他国家提供经验教训。这些经验对于在更长的时间范围内加强食物系统的韧性也很重要。

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